What is the purpose of lubrication in machinery?

Lubrication in machinery serves a vital purpose by significantly reducing friction and wear between moving parts. When machinery operates, the various components such as gears, bearings, and pistons move against each other. This movement generates friction, which can lead to increased temperatures and wear over time. By applying lubrication, a protective film forms between these parts, minimizing direct contact. This not only decreases friction but also helps in prolonging the life of the components and ensuring smoother operation.

Reducing friction through lubrication also contributes to energy efficiency. When friction is minimized, machines can operate more smoothly, requiring less energy to perform their functions. While lubrication can have secondary effects such as helping to cool components or protecting against contaminants, its primary and most critical function is to reduce friction and wear, which is essential for the longevity and reliability of the machinery.