What does "ventilation" refer to in HVAC terminology?

In HVAC terminology, "ventilation" specifically refers to the process of supplying fresh air and removing stale air. This is essential for maintaining indoor air quality and ensuring that occupants have a healthy environment. Proper ventilation helps to dilute indoor pollutants, control odors, and regulate temperature and humidity levels, thus contributing to the overall comfort and well-being of individuals in the space.

While controlling humidity levels, heating air, and sealing a building for energy efficiency are important aspects of HVAC systems, they are not encompassed within the definition of ventilation. Humidity control is more related to dehumidification or humidification processes, heating air pertains strictly to the heating function of the system, and sealing buildings typically addresses insulation and energy conservation rather than air exchange. Therefore, the key focus of ventilation is on the movement of air—introducing fresh air into indoor environments and expelling stale air.